The meaning of cognitive conflict across cultures: Using pupil dilation to identify culturally-relevant meaning disruptions and conflict compensation.
Project Title(Chinese) :
跨文化認知衝突的意義:透過瞳孔擴張測試與文化相關的意義擾動以及衝突補償
Principal Investigator(English) :
Dr Buchtel, Emma Ellen Kathrina
Principal Investigator(Chinese) :
Department :
Department of Psychology
Institution :
The Education University of Hong Kong
E-mail Address :
buchtel@eduhk.hk
Tel :
Co - Investigator(s) :
Dr Proulx, Travis
Dr Sleegers, Willem W. S.
Panel :
Humanities, Social Sciences
Subject Area :
Psychology and Linguistics
Exercise Year :
2021 / 22
Fund Approved :
661,243
Project Status :
Completed
Completion Date :
31-12-2024
Project Objectives :
Test if culture and middle-ground approaches to contradiction moderate initial attentional arousal to basic expectancy violations and culturally relevant moral violations, using PD as a physiological measure of attentional arousal (Studies 1-4)
Test if culture and middle-ground approaches to contradiction moderate what kinds of compensatory efforts participants engage in to recover from expectancy violations, viz. hindsight bias (accommodation), confirmation bias (assimilation), and punishment of norm violators (alternative commitment) (Studies 1-3)
By testing the above, produce data that clarifies questions about how holistic thinking style influences basic and downstream cognition, i.e. humans’ experiences of and reactions to contradictions (Studies 1-4)
By testing the above, produce data that informs current debates about the relationship between moral cognition and meaning-making, within and across cultures (Studies 3-4)
Abstract as per original application (English/Chinese):
透過四個研究,我們將使用客觀生理喚起指標測量的方式(瞳孔擴張, PD)來檢測人們對於違背預期的信息如何作出反應,並研究它的東西方文化差異。此課題將有助於解釋先前有關文化影響人們基本認知的疑惑,並將瞳孔測量的研究範式擴展到有關道德和跨文化意義賦予的關係之研究領域。無論從學校教學層面還是從社會層面來看,本研究對於有關文化多樣性的正向認知教學皆有重要意義。
過往的文化心理學研究,在人們對於違背預期信息反應的東西方文化差異這個議題上存在相互矛盾的結論。由此引出一個問題:這些研究的差異是由對於矛盾信息的初始反應造成,還是截然不同補償行爲?
本課題的共同研究員在近期的研究中發現瞳孔擴張現象可以用於偵測人們對於違反預期的事物之反應(Proulx et al., 2017; Sleegers et al., 2019, 2020)。這為辨析文化影響認知的兩種方式提供了客觀的研究方法。而且,基於大量的有關厭惡喚起和意義賦予之關係的文獻,我們認爲可以使用相同的研究範式來考量道德是透過何種方式與意義賦予相關聯,以及它們的跨文化差異(Janoff-Bulman, 2013)。在本課題的四個研究中,我們將比較由香港、荷蘭和英國收集的數據,分析對於錯誤反饋或反預期圖片的初始注意反應(PD),並檢測其中是否存在三個類別的補償機制的文化差異:後見之明偏誤、確認偏誤、對道德規範違反者的懲罰。本課題的開展將依托於首席研究員在整體性思維和分析性思維的文化差異研究領域的專業性(e.g. Buchtel & Norenzayan, 2008, 2012) 和道德研究領域的專業性(e.g. Buchtel et al., 2015, 2018; Buchtel, Ng, et al., 2020),以及共同研究員對於意義違背的心理生理測量領域的專業性(e.g. Proulx et al., 2012, 2017; Sleegers et al., 2019, 2020)。