Abstract as per original application
(English/Chinese): |
Sleep restriction is common in modern societies, particularly among emerging adults. Previous studies have demonstrated both the consequences of inadequate sleep and the benefits of short-term sleep extension. However, little is known about the effects of sleep gain in neurocognitive-affective functions over a longer period, mimicking a more meaningful, ecologically-valid habit change. In this project we will implement a two-week (plus one-month follow-up), home-based, nighttime 90-minute sleep extension (SE) program including evidence-based motivational interviewing processes and habit-change strategies in 150 chronically/habitually sleep-restricted (=<5.5 hours nightly sleep) emerging adults and compare them with 75 randomized controls who only undergo sleep hygiene education (SH). The study protocol consists of four phases spanning 2 months: 1-week home-based baseline monitoring (pre-test), 1-week SH (sleep stabilization period), 2-week SE for the SE group only (post-test), and 1-month maintenance period (follow-up). We will apply ambulatory monitoring of sleep and a combination of in-lab and ambulatory neural and behavioral measures of neurocognitive and affective functions as follows: (a) at T1 (Day 1), demographics, baseline mood and sleep; (b) at T2 (Day 7, pre-test), experimental tasks of vigilance, working memory, planning, inhibitory control on emotional stimuli, emotional reactivity, and regulation (with EEG/ERP), followed by polysomnography at home; (c) at T2-4 (weeks 2-4), actigraphy, sleep diary, and daily experience sampling; (d) at T4 (end of week 4, post-test), repeat T2 assessments; (e) at T5 (end of week 5), follow-up online survey of mood and sleep, and feedback of participants on the feasibility and acceptability/usability of the program. With a 2x2 factorial design (pretest/posttest, SH/SE), we hypothesize that SE would: (i) lengthen sleep duration, improve sleep quality, lower subjective sleepiness, and heighten vigilance; (ii) augment neurocognitive functions; (iii) improve affective functions; (iv) enhance neurocognitive functions beyond heightened vigilance; and (v) improve affective functions beyond lowered subjective sleepiness. With a theory-based and evidence-based method, lengthened protocol and maintenance period, and a broad yet targeted scope of functions assessed using a multi-method approach, our findings will advance understanding of the effects of sleep on neurocognitive-affective functions. Methodologically, we will also pioneer the assessment of cognitive-affective functions via home-based ambulatory monitoring and conduct a meta-analytic factor analysis of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), thereby equipping sleep scientists and practitioners with low-cost mobile tools and the most evidence-based way of characterizing sleep quality in our target population of emerging adults who are typically sleep-restricted and poor sleepers.
睡眠限制在現代社會中很常見，尤其是在年青人中。先前的研究已經証明了睡眠不足的後果以及短期睡眠延長的好處。然而，關於睡眠增加對腦神經認知和情感功能的長期影響，尤其是在實驗室以外的習慣改變的影響，我們所知甚少。在本項目中，我們將對150名慢性/習慣性睡眠不足（每晚睡眠時間≤5.5小時）的新興成年人實施爲期兩週的（加上一個月的後續觀察）家庭環境下的夜間90分鐘睡眠延長（SE）計劃，包括基於証據的動機訪談過程和習慣改變策略，並將其與75名僅接受睡眠衛生教育（SH）的隨機對照組進行比較。研究方案包括四個階段，曆時2個月：1週家庭基線監測（前測），1週SH（睡眠穩定期），2週SE僅適用於SE組（後測），以及1個月的維持期（後續觀察）。我們將應用睡眠的流動監測和腦神經認知和情感功能的實驗室內外結合的神經和行爲測量方法，並邀請參與者對該計劃的可行性和可接受性/可用性提供反饋。我們將測試以下研究假設：SE能夠（i）延長睡眠時間，改善睡眠質量，降低主觀睏倦感，提高警覺性；（ii）增強神經認知功能；（iii）改善情感功能；（iv）除了提高警覺性之外，還能增強神經認知功能；（v）除了降低主觀嗜睡感之外，還能改善情感功能。通過基於理論和實證的方法、延長的實驗方案和維持期、以及廣泛但有針對性的功能範圍的多方法測量方法，我們的研究結果將推進對睡眠對腦神經認知和情感功能的影響的理解。
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